Notable figures include James Stuart Blackton, a former journalist and one of the founders of animation, who may be credited with making the first drawn animation on film. He is considered one of the founders of animation.
Humorous phases of funny faces (1906) by James Stuart Blackton
Others established the whimsical and nonsensical themes often present in animation, including Emile Cohl, who was a part of The Incoherents, a group that challenged convention and are considered to be precursors to surrealists and conceptual artists. Emile Cohl created Fantastamagorie (1908), which is considered to be the worlds first fully animated film
Fantastamagorie (1908) by Emile Cohl
Ladislaw Starewicz also contributed to the growing field by using enbalmed insects to star in his stop motion films
Ladislaw Starewicz (left) and a still from The Cameraman's Revenge (1912)
Colour techniques were also refined using the Kinemacolour, and was used in The Gollywog Land (1912). However this technique required specialized equipment to be installed in theaters, resulting in the system being short-lived.
Winsor McCay was considered the first classical animator, and one of the first animators to preview, test and refine the flow of drawings before filming them, resulting in very clean, smooth animation for the time.
Gertie the Dinosaur (1914)
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